CIDOB Report nº 8
At a time of uncertainty and contestation of international norms, conflicts are becoming increasingly diffuse, as is the space between war and peace. Tactics are diversifying. Greater dependency and connectivity between actors is used to exploit the vulnerabilities of others. Concern is growing about hybrid threats like cyber-attacks, disinformation, electoral interference and the mobilisation of migrants, which are being deployed in many parts of the world. Unconventional threats fuel uncertainty, erode values and norms, and strain international relations.
This CIDOB Report analyses the rise of hybrid threats. It aims to study their different forms and tactics, as well as the various scenarios in which they are deployed, in order to examine their impact, and analyse the responses that seek to address the multiple challenges they pose.
With the support of:
Prologue
Pol Morillas
War by all means: the rise of hybrid warfare
Pol Bargués and Moussa Bourekba
Words as weapons: from disinformation to the global battle for the narrative
Carme Colomina
The «instrumentalisation» of migration
Blanca Garcés
How democracies can overcome the challenges of hybrid warfare and disinformation
Jack Kelly
Hybrid Attacks on critical infrastructure
Manel Medina Llinàs
Hybrid resilience in insecure times: Russia’s war and Ukrainian society
Yulia Kurnyshova and Andrey Makarychev
NATO’s strategies for responding to hybrid conflicts
Guillem Colom Piella
Winning without fighting: China's grey zone strategies in East Asia
Inés Arco Escriche
Insecurity in the Maghreb: a growing catalogue of threats
Eduard Soler i Lecha
